Thursday 29 March 2012

Trekking from Sa Pa (2), Ta Van to Ban Den: Vietnam North to South Part 6


Those more familiar with OS maps might note that red indicates a (largely) metalled road of any size.
Tracks shown in yellow are footpaths or concrete strips for motorcycles.

I did not feel at my best the next morning, but I was up early and we sat in the yard ready for breakfast. Eventually Der surfaced, gave me a conspiratorial smile, and started on his daily chores. There was no sign of Minh.

A little later Der went off on an errand taking Nhu with him on his motorbike – something that looks terrifying to us, but seems second nature to most Vietnamese.

Der and Nhu go off on an errand
Ta Van
We went in and sat by the fire in the kitchen, the scruffy little cat choosing to sit on Lynne’s foot.

Der returned, chopped up some pork and put it in a pot over the fire, and still there was no sign of Minh. Eventually he appeared looking like a man who had come a distant third in a drinking competition he had never wanted to enter. Der – who seemed to do most of the cooking – made some pancakes.

We sat outside at the ‘normal’ sized table, drank tea and ate pancakes spread with something sweet which may or may not have been jam. Outside the Hmong women gathered like vultures, awaiting the first tourists of the morning.

Waiting for the first tourists of the morning
Ta Van
Breakfast over, we shook hands with Der, gave grandma an opportunity for a last giggle, and set off. We felt privileged to have become part of their family for the day.

Our plan was for a half day walk to the Dao hamlet of Giang Tu Chai and then down to Hoa Su Pan 2 where a car would pick us up and take us to our next homestay in Ban Den, the chief settlement of Ban Ho village.

A Vietnamese ‘village’ is actually an administrative area, sometimes quite large, comprising several settlements described as ‘hamlets’. Usually they have individual names, but in some villages, like Su Pan, they are known as Hoa Su Pan 1, Hoa Su Pan 2, etc. Sometimes, as in Ta Van, the village and the largest settlement have the same name, while in others, like Ban Ho, there is no settlement of that name.

Again we had a choice of routes. The easier way involved walking along the valley and approaching Giang Tu Chai from below, the more demanding led up the valley side and approached the hamlet from above. Again we settled for the easy route.

We walked back through Ta Van, down to the river….

Down to the River at Ta Van

…..and then up the other side of the valley, from where we could look back to where we had stayed.

Looking back at Ta Van across the valley
We were now back on the metalled road from Sa Pa, and we followed it through an area renowned for its ancient carved boulders. A small museum attempted to explain some of the carvings, but the meanings of most, assuming they have any, are yet to be decoded. Sadly the museum contained only photographs as most of the boulders have been removed for study in Hanoi. Two remain lying in the grass outside. I found it difficult to pick out the carvings from the marks left by several million years of weathering.

Leaving the road we descended back into the valley through the hamlet of Giang Ta Chai (not to be confused with Giang Tu Chai).  It is a Hmong settlement which, unusually, has several Christian families and a church. The French ruled Indo-China for over a hundred years before independence in 1954 so there are many Vietnamese Christians – more specifically Catholics - but most live in the urban centres. There are few churches in the countryside and even fewer in the ethnic minority villages of the northern highlands.

Giang Ta Chai Church
Easter was ten days away, but the banner reads The Church of Giang Ta Chai, Happy Christmas.

We crossed a metal suspension bridge built beside an older rattan bridge. Beneath the bridge a bored Vietnamese guide was watching two westerners who had clearly come on a fishing holiday. I have difficulty working up any enthusiasm for fishing as a participation sport, but as a spectator sport its tedium is surely without parallel. The guide had my sympathy.

On the far side we found tables and chairs lurking beneath a thatch-roofed enclosure and took the opportunity for a well-earned cup of tea. Relaxing for a moment we had time to notice that although there was still complete cloud cover, it was starting to warm up down in the valley bottom.

Just over the river is a thatch roofed tea house
while below the bridge is a man on a fishing holiday
The earlier wide path along the river had narrowed to one passible only by pedestrians and motorcycles, but it was flat and easy going. After a kilometre or so we took a rough track rising along the valley side.

It was a good steady climb, sufficient to bring out a sweat and raise the heart rate. Regular visitors to this blog will know that I may be over-weight and over-sixty, but I do regularly put on a pair of walking boots and am no stranger to rough paths and modest gradients. Such walking, though, is not one of Lynne’s hobbies and she soon started to flag and as she flagged she started to complain. Long before we reached the top she was voicing the opinion that it was all a plot to kill her, and that Minh and I were doing it deliberately.

Lynne struggles upwards

With effort and appropriate encouragement we made it to Giang Tu Chai, a collection of ramshackle wooden houses perched on the valley side. It was the only hamlet we visited that had no motorcycle access and, as far as we could see, no electricity.

Giang Tu Chai
We entered one of the houses, a large single room dwelling with a wattle partition dividing what Minh called the ‘front room’ from the kitchen. The only light came through the open door and the gaps in the walls.

The ‘front room’ was more like a farm shed than a living room. In one corner a man was making one of the large baskets local women carry on their backs. He did not look particularly pleased to see us and soon put down his work, picked up his pipe and went outside for a smoke.

Minh seemed on better terms with the old woman – presumably the man’s mother or mother-in-law – who squatted in the kitchen cooking lunch. Except for the flames of her fire, she seemed to be working entirely in the dark, though my flash photograph rather spoils the effect. A cat sat by the fire staring at her as she stirred some green leaves in a pot.

Squatting by the fire cooking lunch
She chatted with Minh while we let our eyes accustom to the light so we could get a proper view of a life which cannot have changed for a hundred years or more. Almost all Dao women still wear the traditional red headdress, but lower down in the valley most of them seemed on nodding terms with the twenty-first century, somewhere up that valley side we had walked out of the modern world and into an older and harsher environment.

Eventually we realised we had intruded for long enough, and had to tear ourselves away. As we left, the old lady scuttled from her kitchen and introduced us to her pile of handicrafts. She may have been Dao but she had the same stock as all the Hmong women. Now, though, seemed the right time for a token purchase.

Even Lynne had to admit that the effort of getting there had been worthwhile, but now we had to get back. Our ascent had been a steady rise along the valley side, but our next path dropped straight down to a suspension bridge we could see far below.

Minh with the bridge down below
The descent was, by any standards, steep and slippery; my walking poles would have been useful but they were in a cupboard on the other side of the world. Occasionally we needed our hands to climb down rocky sections or had to grab at convenient plants to prevent an over-precipitous descent. Neither of us found it easy and Minh’s trainers were giving him less grip than would have been comfortable.

Struggling down
Long before we reached the bridge Lynne was telling anyone who would listen that she was going to die. There was no one to listen except Minh and me, and we ignored her. According to her diary ‘I was now so tired I could barely put one foot in front of another. I was getting close to despair, my feet hurt, my legs hurt, I’d had enough.’ She does so go on. 

We got there in the end – to Lynne’s great relief. She posed with Minh for a photograph on the bridge looking ‘fine and smiley.’

Posing on the bridge 'fine and smiley'
Then it dawned on her that to be picked up by a car we had to reach a road and that meant ascending the other side of the valley. It was not a long ascent and a nice, simple concrete path of moderate steepness led straight up the valley side. Minh and I strode upwards and let Lynne proceed at her own pace. I paused to take a photograph of her, ‘Smile,’ I said cheerfully. Lynne however did not have the will. Her diary says ‘I did feel that if I were to drop down dead in the next few moments David should have a last photo to remember me by. I couldn’t raise my head,  I was that tired as I crawled up the slope, but I summoned all my final energy to raise two fingers at the cruel bastard who thought this was some idea of fun!’

Two fingered salute
She made it, still alive and complaining, and Minh phoned for the car.

A tiny old man had followed us up the path. Minh and I were sitting on a boulder when he reached the top and I was flicking through the pictures on my camera. Attracted by the bleeping he came over to have a look. He seemed fascinated by the electronic magic. ‘He says he’s 89,’ Minh said as the old man squatted down to have a better look. My one-year-old grandson can manage that manoeuvre, but I lost such suppleness many years ago. The old man inspected the camera with interest, marvelled briefly at my digital watch and then, as if to prove he really was from another age, opened and closed a zip on Minh’s rucksack as if he was seeing one for the first time. When our car arrived he straightened up with complete ease, while I struggled upright from my boulder.

Electronic magic
We were driven further down the road and found ourselves enveloped in thick mist while the temperature plummeted. After a few miles we took the narrow side road descending steeply towards Ban Den.

‘Ban Den is lower and warmer,’ Minh had told us, and he was right. Once we were below the mist the temperature rose pleasantly into the low twenties. The tarmac ran out on the edge of the village so we strolled into the centre where we had a late lunch of  pho bo, noodle soup with beef. Coriander is the usual herb in pho, but on this occasion the soup was strongly flavoured with mint. As I slurped my noodles, I heard the distinctive and not entirely unfamiliar rumble of my grandmother rotating in her grave. A Vietnamese village cafĂ© was one thing, but to eat beef with mint sauce was clearly a step beyond civilization.

Our home for the night was at the farthest and highest point of the village, which Lynne saw as the straw beyond the last straw.

Our hosts, Mr & Mrs Ut, were an elderly Tay couple who were clearly important within the village. Their large wooden house, set in a substantial garden, was a manorial hall compared with Der’s modest residence. The kitchen, though much larger than at Ta Van, had a similar packed earth floor and an open fire. There was little in the way of kitchen appliances except the usual two ring gas burner.

The Ut's house
Ban Dem
Downstairs was open at the front and had as many tables and chairs as a restaurant. At the back was a curtained off sleeping alcove and a television. The huge single room upstairs was reached by an outside wooden staircase. A dozen mattresses had been laid out on the floor, two of them had been covered with sheets for us. There were stairs up to the gallery where there were more mattresses, one of which was for Minh.

There was a shower room on the back wall and while we made use of that Minh walked back into town to buy some bamboo tips for dinner.

Minh helps Mrs Ut in the kitchen
There was a carp pond beside the house and large fish could be seen patrolling its milky depths. A little further away was a similar pond on a slightly lower level. A narrow concrete channel fed water from one pond to the other and over it had been erected a sturdy wooden hut. Breeze blocks on either side of the channel provided a place to squat and waste was swept away by the rushing water. As toilets go it was simple and effective and as fragrant as any toilet anywhere. There were carp in the upper pond, carp and crap in the lower pond but nature seemed easily capable of dealing with this low level of pollution. More worrying was the narrow and uneven path between the ponds, but thankfully that was lit at night.

The path between the ponds
Lynne went for a nap and I pottered around for what was left of the afternoon. When she returned we were offered a cup of tea and cakes of banana pounded and boiled in sticky rice and stored in banana leaves. They tasted as appetizing as they looked and neither of us persevered beyond the first bite.

Banana and sticky rice

Dinner was again at 6 o’clock when the sun set. We ate with Minh and the Uts seated at a ‘normal’ table on the terrace. It was basically the same meal as our previous dinner and the two lunches before, but this time with fried bamboo tips rather than cabbage. There were also a large pile of boiled bamboo fronds. These were to be dipped into a paste of pounded herbs collected by Mrs Ut herself. ‘It’s very bitter,’ Minh warned us.  He was right, we both found it too bitter to be enjoyable and judging from the way Minh avoided them he agreed. Mr and Mrs Ut, though, took a different view, slapping the fronds into the paste with vigour and chomping them up with obvious relish. Between them they demolished the whole huge bowl but only picked at the beef and chicken.

Mr Ut also produced a water bottle full of rice wine, a gentler fruitier distillation than Der’s. Glasses were filled, clinked and emptied and then refilled. Minh informed us that, on doctor’s orders, Mr Ut would drink only three glasses as he had a stomach problem but we were free to carry on. After the previous night’s excesses this seemed a good time to call a halt.

Lynne went to bed soon after dinner complaining of sore legs, sore feet, sore everything. Minh and I sat and chatted while the Uts watched television with their granddaughter who had turned up around five o’clock and had been doing homework ever since.

Vietnam North to South

Part 3: Ha Long Bay
Part 11: Da Nang

THE ENDanoi

Wednesday 28 March 2012

Trekking from Sa Pa (1) Sa Pa to Ta Van: Vietnam North to South Part 5

A Day's Walk in the Muong Hoa Valley and a Night at a Homestay

Unlike OS maps, red indicates a (largely) metalled road of any size. Tracks shown in yellow are footpaths or concrete motorcycle strips

Down from Sa Pa into the Muong Hoa Valley

Our target for the day was the Day village of Ta Van but there were two possible routes. Discussing it on Tuesday I had given in and settled for the easier route but fell asleep wondering if I might make another bid for the more demanding route in the morning. We awoke to the sound of a thunderstorm unleashing a deluge on the Muong Hoa Valley, and the issue was settled.

After a fortifying bowl of pho we met Minh and set off down the road south from Sa Pa. The rain had stopped and as we left town we had excellent views of both the mist below us and the mist above.

The mist below, Muong Hoa Valley

We marched along among a battalion of tourists, accompanied by at least as many Black Hmong women, their baskets full of handicrafts. I had been looking forward to the walk, but this was more like being part of an invading army. Then, about a kilometre out of town, we reached a handicraft centre. Everybody else turned off, and we were left pretty much on our own.

All tourists have Black Hmong attendants, Leaving Sa Pa

A kilometre later we left the metalled road, passed through a hamlet where a gaggle of children were playing in the dirt and joined a wide path leading gently down into the misty depths of the Muong Hoa Valley.

We leave the road past children playing in the dirt, near Sa Pa

We descended on a broad and gently graded track. Minh wore a pair of trainers which had seen better days and was keen to keep his feet dry, skipping over the puddles and round the worst of the mud. I did not bother.

Lynne and Minh take a breather, Muong Hoa Valley

‘Those boots are waterproof?’ he asked as we took a breather. ‘Completely,’ I answered. ‘But very heavy,’ he countered. ‘They’re surprisingly light,’ I told him, but he looked unconvinced. They really are light, as boots go, but two pairs of walking boots had added weight and taken up space in our luggage. At home we had wondered whether we would really need them; by the end of the first hour we knew we had made the right choice.

Terraces filled with water and ready for planting, Muong Hoa Valley

We passed through a farmstead or two and beside many rice terraces and eventually found ourselves below the mist.

The valley bottom comes into view....

The view into the valley was filled with many, many more terraces, filled with water and ready for planting.

...with many, many water filled terraces

Indigo

We dropped in on a handicraft centre, where we could look without pressure to buy and then stopped to inspect a small field of indigo, which I had not realised was a plant, never mind a commercial crop. Later I learnt it produces exactly the same dye as woad – a plant my ancestors would have known well.

A small crop of indigo, Muong Hoa Valley

It took us a couple of hours to work our way down to the bottom where we crossed the river by the Lao Chai bridge, one of many suspension bridges for pedestrians – and the inevitable motorbikes – spanning the Muong Hoa River.

Lao Chai at the Bottom of the Valley

Lunch

Beside the river, in a large breeze block building we found a kitchen, a lot of people and a dozen or more long communal tables. We sat down and Minh disappeared to order. The Australians on the next table had a huge pile of flaccid buns, triangles of processed cheese and omelettes that could have been used as building material. They seemed happy, but it did not fill me with optimism.

A girl was circulating with a tray of drinks, so we selected a couple of bottles of beer and waited to discover what Minh had ordered for us. It turned out to beef in a gingery sauce, chicken with mushrooms, tofu with tomatoes, cabbage and rice. It was much the same as the previous day’s lunch, but well-cooked and vastly preferable to processed cheese in a flaccid bun. As we ate, more and more customers poured in, some crossing the bridge, others descending from the other side of the river, almost everyone had an accompanying Hmong retinue. We had seen a few other parties when walking, but we were largely on our own; now we could see just how many walkers had been out there in the mist

Outside the restaurant, Lao Chai, Muong Hoa Valley

School

After lunch we followed the road along the valley bottom. Although unsurfaced it was passible by motor vehicles (though easier with four wheel drive) but the traffic was almost entirely pedestrian. We briefly visited the village school. The classrooms were clean and airy and one little girl was busily working through her lunch hour (or was she in detention?)

Working through her lunch hour, Lao Chai, Muong Hoa Valley

Outside a group of girls played jacks.

Playing jacks, Lao Chai, Muong Hoa Valley

Lao Chai to Ta Van

We walked past terraced fields and the houses of the people who worked them. Children played in the mud, piglets scampered across the road, and a flotilla of ducks sailed serenely up a field. Everywhere water buffaloes grazed or wallowed as the mood took them.

A flotilla of ducks, Muong Hoa Valley

The flatlands of the Red River and Mekong deltas produce three harvests a year. Here the mountain climate is less generous and the small terraced fields prevent much use of mechanisation – not that many farmers can afford anything more mechanised than a buffalo. Lao Cai is the poorest province in Vietnam, and it looked like it.

Fields and the houses of the people who worked them, Muong Hoa Valley

Ta Van

Meeting Tuonz and his Mother-in-Law

We reached Ta Van in mid-afternoon. Minh lead us through a gate into a covered concrete terrace outside a well-built village house. We were greeted by a smiling young man carrying his two-year-old daughter in a sling on his back.

Der's (Tuonz's) house, Ta Van, Muong Hoa Valley

‘This is Der,’ Minh said introducing our host. Vietnamese is a tonal language and although I have a tin ear for tones ‘Der’ was clearly pronounced in what we might call ‘imperative voice.’ I asked Minh how it was spelled. ‘T-U-O-N-Z,’ was the answer. Vietnamese has been written in Roman script since the seventeenth century but to the untutored eye the writing does not always match up with the pronunciation.

Der (I could write Tuonz, but I have set a precedent by writing ‘Joe’ for Truong throughout the Hanoi posts - and it is easier for the English speaking reader) lived here with his rather uncommunicative wife and their daughter Nhu. Grandma – Der’s mother-in-law - was visiting from Sa Pa. Our host were Day, the women being dressed in much brighter colours than the Black Hmong, with complicated checked headscarves.

Behind the terrace the open front room contained the usual altar to the family ancestors. To the right was the dark recess of the kitchen. It had a packed mud floor, permanently running water collecting in a plastic bowl before spilling down the drain and an open fire which was heating a cauldron of pig swill; the pigs had a sty at the end of the garden. There were shelves for the usual kitchen utensils, a two-ring gas burner and the inevitable low dining table.

The family altar at Tuonz's House, Ta Van, Muong Hoa Valley

To the left of the altar was a curtained recess containing a bed and a television and beyond that, in a lean-to extension, was a five-bed dormitory. As these beds were ours – all of them – Lynne lay down and had a nap. There was another dormitory upstairs, which Minh had to himself, and somewhere, though we never discovered where, sleeping accommodation for Der, his wife and Nhu.

I sat at the ‘normal’ sized table on the terrace and Minh brought out some tea and a ball of sweetened puffed rice. It resembled a large ball of Ricicles, but was homemade and had a slightly smoky tang. Eating it involved scraping off the outer layer, collecting up the grains and popping them in your mouth. Grandma seemed to find something immoderately funny in the way I did this. Disappearing into the kitchen, she returned with a metal spoon, scraped off some rice, collected it in the spoon and handed it me. I poured it down my throat. This was hilarious. We repeated the game several times, and each time my actions were as comical as the time before. I have no idea what I did that so amused her, but I was happy to play along

Tea and a large ball of 'Ricicles', Ta Van

A Stroll Round the Village

After a while, Lynne emerged from her nap, Minh said he was going to help with the cooking and suggested we took a walk round the village. The village, indeed the whole valley, is criss-crossed by concrete paths about a metre wide. Most villages are inaccessible to four-wheeled vehicles but the paths provide motorcycle access almost everywhere.

Village house, Ta Van

Our circuit of the village followed a concrete path down through the houses and across the top of some rice terraces. Here a water buffalo blocked our path but despite their size and their horns they are docile beasts and it was easy to push it out of the way. We walked down to the river, below some terraces and then back up to the house.

Walking round Ta Van, Lynne about to show a buffalo who's boss

We walked down to the river, below some terraces and then back up to the house.

Below the rice terraces, Ta Van

On our return, Grandma was there to greet us and insist we finish the rice ball. She also produced a welcome bottle of beer each. A concrete outhouse at the side of the terrace contained not only a flush toilet, but a shower, so we made good use of it.

The Hmong Women, their Handicrafts and Sales Techniques

Ta Van has a number of homestays so there were several foreigners in the village, but by now walkers had stopped passing, so a group of Hmong women gathered outside our gate. It is sometimes said that much of their handicraft is actually made in factories in China, I cannot vouch for all of it, but market traders in Sa Pa had sowing machines behind their stalls to fill in quiet moments, and the women outside our gate were all busy sowing as they chatted. Whether or not there is a big enough market for this vast avalanche of bags, scarves and mobile phone covers I do not know, but the quality is good and the provenance of much of it is genuine enough.

A thirty-something American staying nearby came out to talk to them. The women were keen to extract some money from him, and although he made some purchases they wanted him to buy more, telling him how rich he was and how happy they would be to share some of his wealth. He ended up giving them a lecture, though how much they understood is debatable. ‘Money,’ he told them, ‘cannot buy happiness. It is far more important to have good health and to be surrounded by a loving family.’ He was, of course, right, but the argument is far easier to understand when you have ample money for your basic needs and a bit more besides.

Dinner and Rice Wine with Tuonz and his Family

Darkness fell about 6 o’clock. ‘Do you want to eat out there or in the kitchen with the family?’ Minh asked. The decision was simple, though it meant folding ourselves down on to tiny stools beside the low table – not an action that comes naturally to me.

Der brought shot glasses for himself, Minh, Lynne and me – local women do not drink alcohol (in public, anyway) – and a half litre bottle that had once contained water but was now was full of rice wine. Although it is called ‘wine’ it is actually a spirit, the distilling being done locally, sometimes even at home. ‘Try it and see if you like it,’ Minh said. He would not have asked if he had known us longer. Over the years we have survived and even enjoyed Irish poteen (illegal), Sudanese arrigi (very illegal) and Armenian mulberry vodka (legal) - among others - and consider ourselves aficionados of home distillation.

Clinking glass with Der, Ta Van, Muong Hoa Valley

Glasses were filled, clinked together, emptied and refilled and we got on with the serious business of eating. The food was excellent, if very similar to our last two lunches. There was no tofu this time, but the beef was particularly good, the tender meat spiced with the flavours of ginger and lemongrass.

Mrs Der, Nhu and Grandma, Ta Van, Muong Hoa Valley

Half way down the second bottle Lynne called a halt. I think Minh was quite relieved, he did not want to lose face by being the first to drop out, but he had reached his limit before the second bottle was drained. I knew - without any need for a common language – that Der wanted to open a third, but needed support from one other person. He looked at me. It would have been sensible to shake my head, but I am not always sensible. I nodded.

The small, scruffy house cat deals with his flees, Ta Van, Muong Hoa Valley

We sat and drank as relatives and neighbours drifted in and out for a gossip or to stare at the strange foreigners. After a while my aching knees told me I had to give up sitting on the low chair, so I found a ‘normal’ chair, sat in the corner of the kitchen and let Vietnamese domestic life wash over me.

Friends and relatives drop in for a chat while Der stirs the pig swill, Ta Van, Muong Hoa Valley

Eventually we went to bed. Dinner had started at sunset, so although it had been a long evening, we went to bed about 9. As I made my way to the outside toilet I realised I had drunk more than was strictly good for me, but by then it was far too late to do anything about it.


Tuesday 27 March 2012

Lao Cai, Coc Ly Market and Sa Pa: Vietnam North to South Part 4

A Border Town, a Village Market and a Re-invented Hill Station

26/03/2012

The Hanoi to Lao Cai Sleeper


Vietnam
Joe warned us that Hanoi Ga (Ga being derived from the French gare) would be ‘chaostic’ and we should keep our hands on our wallets, but it was actually as calm and quiet as a major city station can be.

Perched on large traditional polished-wood seats – better to look at than sit on – we stayed in the first class waiting room until the platform was announced. In China no one is allowed out of the waiting room if there is any possibility of a train still being in motion, and then all must use the bridge or underpass. In Hanoi the stream of passengers happily trundled their cases across the tracks in search of the appropriate platform.

Vietnam
Thanks to Vietnam Paradise Travel

We settled into the standard four berth compartment and were joined by a British teacher from an international school in Ho Chi Minh heading north for her Easter holiday, and a young Vietnamese man who asked if we spoke French. Thinking he might want a conversation we told him we did, but not well. Apparently satisfied by our linguistic incompetence, he climbed onto an upper bunk, disappeared under his blanket and started making a series of phone calls in quiet but urgent French. Maybe he was an international terrorist, or perhaps he was cheating on his wife; we shall never know.

27/03/2012

The train scored highly for its clean flush toilet with ceramic pedestal – luxurious by Trans-Siberian standards - but lost points for rattling and bouncing. Nonetheless, we managed a reasonable night’s sleep before being woken at 4.45 by the attendant informing us that we were 15 minutes from Lao Cai. At the station we followed the crowd into the concourse where we spotted a smiling young man holding a piece of paper bearing our names. ‘Hello, I’m Minh,’ he said.

Lao Cai

Northern Vietnam, Thaks to Asiapaths.com
We took the train to Lao Cai, Coc Ly is a small village just east of Lao Cai

It was a cool, misty morning. Outside in the square a street market was setting up and the pho stalls were already busy dispensing noodles. We would have settled for this, but Minh took us to the more upmarket Thien Hai Hotel. ‘The train will arrive an hour late,’ Joe had told us confidently. He was not wrong about much, but he was wrong about that; it had arrived, as scheduled, at precisely 5 a.m. which was a shame as the breakfast buffet did not open until 6.

It was a long hour, but eventually we ate and afterwards went to look at China. The Chinese border runs southeast down the Red River to Lao Cai, where it turns up the small Nam Ti River. Standing on the bank of the Nam Ti, we observed the Chinese town of Hekou across the bridge. Not for the first time, we noted how abruptly architecture changes across an arbitrary line. On our side were the tall, thin box-like buildings of the Vietnamese, while across the water was the customary Chinese attempt to make even the most modest country town resemble a flimsy version of Manhattan.

Hekou across the Nam Ti River, Lao Cai

On Christmas Day 1978, barely three years after the American War ended, the Vietnamese invaded Cambodia and ousted the genocidal regime of Pol Pot. To punish them the Chinese invaded Vietnam, crossing the Nam Ti and occupying Lao Cai province for 16 days before being repulsed with heavy losses. Relations are better now, black market goods cross the river by night and legitimate goods by day. Locals need only show an identity card to cross the border.

As we had commented on the banyan tree we were standing beside, Minh offered to show us the largest banyan in Lao Cai, or possibly, northern Vietnam. A couple of hundred metres away, growing out of a bank above a circle of figures representing the Chinese zodiac was a very substantial banyan indeed.

Banyan tree and Chinese zodiac, Lao Cai

We followed the road up the bank to a kiosk selling incense sticks. It was still only 7 o’clock but business was brisk.

Selling incense sticks beneath the banyan, Lao Cai

We investigated the Taoist temple behind before returning to the car and setting off for Coc Ly.

Incene burner, Taoist temple, Lao Cai

The northern Highlands are home to a wide variety of ethnic minorities and Coc Ly, is a Hmong village. The attraction was its Tuesday market, and Minh’s advice was to get there early. We drove east down the well surfaced highway for some 30km, then turned into a side road, following it uphill until it petered out.

Altar, Taoist temple, Lao Cai

Coc Ly Market

Some 3 million Hmong people live in China (where they call themselves Miao), Vietnam is home to another three quarters of a million while half a million more live in Laos and Thailand. There are many sub-groups of Hmong, usually identified by some aspect of their traditional clothing. In China we had met Black Miao, Long-horned Miaoand Long-haired Miao. Coc Ly is a village of the Flowery Hmong (not, apparently, the same group as the Chinese Flowery Miao).

By 8 o’clock the market was in full swing. Most of the woman wore traditional clothes and it was easy to see why they had earned their name.

Flowery Hmong women, Coc Ly market

We started with the cattle and, once again, considered the possibility of buying a buffalo.

'I'm not sure about the big one, but perhaps we could take the cute little one as hand luggage.'
Coc Ly market

Then we walked through the rest of the market, pausing to eat a deep fried rice cake. Like their Chinese counterparts the Vietnamese Hmong grow much ‘sticky rice’ and sweeten it for use in cakes.

Deep frying sticky rice cakes, Coc Ly market

We bought some freshly roasted peanuts…..

Buying peanuts, Coc Ly market

…and watched Minh buy pineapples. Despite the cool weather the vegetation was clearly tropical and pineapples were plentiful. Minh paid 25,000 Dong (75 pence) for 5 kilos. The weather warms up later in the year to ripenthe pineapples, but the Vietnamese pineapple – a distinctively small variety - is far less sweet in the north than in the sweltering south.

Minh (left) buys pineapples, Coc Ly market

In many places home grown tobacco was being smoked in waterpipes very like those of South West China. ‘It’s just a simple bong,’ Minh said as I took the photo below. I had previously known the word 'bong' to apply only to a pipe for smoking cannabis and I had never thought about where it came from. I assume that the word, with its slight change in meaning, entered English from Vietnamese via returning American soldiers*. Perhaps everybody except me knew that.

Water pipes, Coc Ly market

We had been told that Coc Ly was entirely a local market, with nothing aimed at tourists. This is no longer quite the case; as more people like us turn up the market is growing the inevitable handicrafts section aimed squarely at the tourist market. For the moment it is a small (and empty) part of the market, but it may not always remain that way. Tourism, as I have observed before, kills the things it loves and Coc Ly is currently standing on the gallows and eyeing up the trap-door.

After a good look round we left the market following some chicken in a basket – though not the 1970s pub version.

Chicken in a basket, Coc Ly market

Tea on the Road to Sa Pa

On the way back to Lao Cai we stopped at a tea plantation. It is a mystery why anybody first tried infusing the leaves – the plant looks no more promising that privet – but I am frequently glad they did. A great deal of tea is grown and drunk in northern Vietnam, but coffee is also grown in the Central Highlands and is popular in the south.

Tea plantation, between Coc Ly and Lao Cai

We passed through Lao Cai and drove a further hour or so westwards to Sa Pa.

Sa Pa

Sa Pa was developed as a hill station during French colonial rule. The town fell on hard times after independence until its reinvention in the 1990s as a tourist centre. In March it is a cool, misty place, but a perfect centre for walking. Perched on the edge of a plateau it overlooks the deep Muong Hoa Valley and is overlooked in turn by Mt Fanxipan, at 3142m the highest peak in Vietnam – at least that is what the guide book says. The valley hid in the mists below, while Mt Fanxipan lurked in the mists above.

Sa Pa, in the mist and on the edge of a plateau

After checking in to our hotel, we walked with Minh up the main street, across the square where the French built the Emmanuel Church in 1930 and into the Vietnamese quarter. There we sat, well wrapped up, on a restaurant terrace and lunched on soup, pork with onions and mushrooms, roasted tofu in a tomato sauce, assorted cabbages and copious quantities of rice. Minh is Kinh (that is ethnic Vietnamese) who make up only 15% of Sapa’s 40,000 inhabitants. 52% are Black Hmong, 25% Dao, 5% Tay, 2% Giay and the rest are odds and sods. In the next few days we would stay with a Dao and a Tay family as we walked down the Muong Hoa valley.

Emmanuel Church, Sa Pa

We walked back to our hotel through the market which was on two levels (easily arranged in a hill town) with food above and local handicrafts below. Then, as the sun emerged briefly and the mist partly cleared, we walked a little way out of town in a half successful quest for a photograph.

The mist considers clearing, Sa Pa

Our hotel was at the end of the main street, which, strangely, reminded me of Betws-y-Coed. Lined with outdoor shops, bars and restaurants it is full of tourists, most of whom will never stray more than a couple of hundred metres from a motor vehicle. Here you can eat pizza, burgers or biryani, or buy a rucksack or a pair of walking boots – you can even hire a pair for 60p (which is probably not possible in Betwys, and seems a perfect way to ruin your feet.)

Where Sa Pa differs from Betws is that for every tourist there are three Black Hmong women attempting to sell them handicrafts. Those careless enough to make eye contact will immediately discover a bewildering array of scarves and knitwear are produced from the wicker basket that every Black Hmong woman wears on her back and thrust into their faces. Those foolish enough to engage in conversation will attract four or five more women offering identical goods, while anyone so naĂŻve as to believe that a purchase will get rid of them will find the seller moving on to bracelets and hats while the others take turns muttering ‘you bought from her, why don’t you buy from me?’ Their persistence and desperation is such that should you be knocked down by a motorbike and taken to hospital, at least three Hmong women would accompany you in the ambulance in case you needed an emergency mobile phone cover.

Black Hmong women mobbing a tourist, Sa Pa

This problem is, of course, not unique to Sa Pa or even Vietnam, though it is as bad here as anywhere we have been. Experienced travellers develop a way of saying a cheery ‘hello’ without breaking step or making eye contact. This stood us in good stead and allowed us to spend part of the afternoon sitting over a beer outside a cafĂ© watching the antics of the less experienced while being little bothered ourselves.

Although it remained good humoured, the selling is only half a step up from begging; many tourists find it disconcerting and, far worse, it demeans the Hmong. The authorities are aware of the problem. In the square by the church a large multi-lingual sign tells tourists to buy only in the market and not from street sellers. However being aware of the problem is only the first small step towards solving it. It would be a shame if it put anyone off coming to Sa Pa; the days we spent walking through the ethnic villages of the Muong Hoa valley were among the highlights of the trip.

*Though Chambers cites the Thai word baung as the origin.