Wednesday, 19 April 2023

Madeira (2): Mercado and Monte Palace Gardens

Not to Mention a Walk and a Cable Car Ride

Brief Intro


Portugal
Madeira
Madeira, as you probably know, is a Portuguese Island in the Atlantic, 1,000km south west of Lisbon and 700km west of the Moroccan coast. It measures 50km from east to west, 20km from north to south and rises to 1,861m (6,106 ft) at Pico Ruivo. It has 250,000 permanent inhabitants, half of whom live in the capital, Funchal. Our hotel was in the Lido district, 40 minutes' walk along the coast west of central Funchal.

Madeira

Having mapped out our week yesterday in consultation the tour company rep, we started by making our way into central Funchal. Buses are plentiful and taxis inexpensive, but it was a pleasant morning, so we walked.

Walking into Funchal

We made this 3km walk most days we were in Madeira. It takes under 40 mins and as urban walks go is relatively undisturbed by traffic. It also passes several parks and open spaces and, apart from the gentle slope down to Funchal centre, is largely flat. The photographs were taken at various times over the week.

Some of the local architecture is interesting, one building cannot decide whether it is an apartment block or a cruise liner.

Is it a bird? Is it a plane? Funchal's finest

Reid’s Palace Hotel

A little further on we passed the more traditional bulk of Reid’s Palace Hotel. Opened in 1891 it was Madeira’s first luxury hotel and is now a Belmond Hotel, part of the Louis Vuitton empire. Previous guests include Albert Schweitzer, George Bernard Shaw, a clutch of British Prime ministers (Lloyd George, Churchill, Eden), actors (Roger Moore, Gregory Peck) and a military dictator (Fulgencio Battista) – see my Cuba posts, particularly Viñales to Trinidad de Cuba.

Reid's Hotel, Funchal

William Reid was the son of a Scottish crofter who came to Madeira in 1836 full of entrepreneurial spirit. He died before his hotel was finished but his sons, William and Alfred, completed his project. Old photographs show it standing alone, almost on the cliff top, but although it has been swallowed by Funchal’s gentle urban sprawl, it still has a sizeable botanical garden, boasts traditional British décor and serves afternoon tea on the terrace. Pity about the missing apostrophe, though.

If you drop in for coffee, there is no café as such and on inquiring you might be told with polite condescension that they are too busy with their own guests to deal with you. I knew I should not have worn my ‘eat the rich’ tea shirt.

Kapok, Savoy Palace and Jacarandas

A little further along after Estrada Monumental runs into Avenue do Infante, the road crosses a ravine.

Ravine below the Av do Infante

Growing from the ravine bottom is a large tree of the Ceba/Kapok family.

Kapok, Funchal

200m further on, the Savoy Palace Hotel is appropriately grand, and the two men outside in pink tail suits and pink top hats stand out as the management would. no doubt, would wish

Savoy Palace Hotel, Funchal

The Avenue do Infante is a true avenue, being lined with jacarandas.

Avenue do Infante, Funchal

They were in flower at the start of our week, but the longer we stayed the finer they became.

A Jacaranda near its peak, Funchal

Eventually Av do Infante drops down….

The Avenue do Infante descends to the city centre

….to a rare example of a roundabout worth a photograph.

Rotunda do Infante António Duarte, Funchal

Beyond is the semi-pedestrianised street with the Café do Teatro where we frequently had a lunchtime beer, and twice lunchtime limpets.

Av Arriago and the Teatro Municipal Baltazar Dias

This road ends at the Cathedral (previous post).

Mercado dos Lavradores

The Farmers’ Market, a couple of hundred metres beyond the cathedral, is not particularly old. Built in Estado Novo style (or so I read) the market was opened in 1940. This is not promising as Estado Novo was the dismal, dictatorial regime forced upon Portugal from 1932 to 1970 by António de Oliveira Salazar. Early Estado Novo architecture was pretty much Art Deco, which describes the Mercado well enough. If you can imagine a two-storey Art Deco building on a corner plot, then my lack of a photograph will be no problem.

The market is stuffed full of locally produced fruit and flowers and locally caught fish. According to VisitMadeira It can be defined as a living museum where the freshness, vivacity and tropicality of the archipelago's flavours take centre stage – a word salad resulting from going over the top in someone else's language.

Fruit and Veg, Funchal Market

Madeira is not a tropical island (Funchal is 9° too far north) but locally grown tropical fruit, papaya, passion fruit, pineapple, custard apple, bananas, dragon fruit and more can be found in the market. Madeira’s topology does not allow for bulk production, but there is enough for local needs.

Fruit with a large bowl of little bananas in the centre, Funchal Market

At the back is the fish market. Fish markets tend to open early and it was winding down by the time we arrived but there were still plenty of black scabbard fish. This evil looking beast thrives in the deep water around Madeira, and appears on most restaurant menus (see Madeira: Eating and Drinking)

Black Scabbard Fish, Funchal Market

There were also some huge tuna.

Tuna, Funchal Market

Upstairs in the touristy bit I was talked into buying more dried figs than anyone could really need. Lynne was annoyed with me, with some justification, but she was wrong when she said that they would be rotten by the time we went home and we would just dump them. Dried figs last as long as you can keep your hands off them, the survivors went home and contributed to meat dishes, desserts and nibbles. There was no wastage.

Monte Palace Cable Car

The Monte Palace Tropical Garden sits on the hill above Funchal. It is a must see for every visitor, and a number 22 bus will take your there from central Funchal in 25 minutes.

But who goes by bus? Just behind the market is the cable car station and for several times the bus fare you can swing elegantly up the mountainside and enjoy the views. This is what tourist do, so we did it.

Having bought our tickets from the travel company rep yesterday we walked past the long queue at the ticket office, straight onto the cable car and were away.

We're away, Funchal Cable Car

I left my Heart in San Francisco was written in 1953 by then amateur songwriters George C Cory (music) and Douglass Cross (words). It was not a success until Tony Bennett recorded it as B-side in 1962 and it soon became his signature tune. I first heard it on Juke Box Jury, in the early the 1960s, though it was not the song, and Tony Bennett was not the singer to appeal to a lad in his early teens….

Up the valley, Funchal cable car

…or to this grumpy old git, but I have always preferred words to music and one line stuck in my head: to be where little cable cars climb halfway to the stars. I had been on cable cars up mountains in Switzerland, and having no mental picture of San Francisco, I thought he was singing about that sort of cable car.

There are no cruise ships in at the moment - keeps the queues down

Reality dawned much later, but (fortunately) before we visited San Francisco in 1984. Being hauled up a hill in an antique tramcar clamped to a moving under-street cable was simultaneously the highlight of that day and a huge disappointment. ‘Halfway to the stars’? Mr Cross, you should have your poetic licence endorsed for that – 6 points at least! Now, please remove your earworm from my head.

We have arrived, walking to Monte Palace Gardens, Funchal

This digression nicely fills in the spaces between the photographs, but has nothing to do with Madeira.

The Monte Palace Tropical Gardens

Brief History

In the 18th century Charles Murray, the British Consul, bought a property near Monte in the hills above Funchal and created the Quinta do Prazer, the first of many fine estates in these hills. In 1897, Alfredo Guilherme Rodrigues bought the Quinta and built a residence inspired by the Rhineland palaces, later converting it into the "Monte Palace Hotel". Rodrigues died in 1947, his family closed the hotel and the estate passed to a financial institution. In 1987 José Manuel Rodrigues Berardo bought the estate and re-established the gardens to include exhibitions spaces as well as exotic plants and Madeira natives. He laid out tiled paths and remodelled the streams, lakes and bridges.

The Gardens

The entrance to the garden is across the road from the cable car station. The garden covers 70,000 m², sloping downwards all the way. We paused frequently on the way down, and less often during the ascent. Although I like a good garden, I know very little about horticulture – as will became obvious.

Before the flowers we had a look at the impressive mineral collection, in their own way as beautiful as the flowers.

Just part of the impressive Monte Palace mineral collection

We started with a brief Shakespearean moment...

But Soft! What light through yonder window breaks?

...then started our descent.

Down towards the flowers

We soon reached the Chinese garden...

Down to the Chinese Garden, Monte Palace Gardens

...with its line of guardians...

Chinese guardians

...and impressive water features. Here is one...

Water feature, Japanese Garden, Monte Palace

...and here is another...

Another water feature

....and some bright red flowers. Please let me know if you can identify them.

Spectacular flowers, anybody know what they are?

Then it is down to the Japanese Garden...

Down to the Japanese Garden, Monte Palace Gardens

...and more spectacular but as yet unidentified red flowers. The Chinese regard red as an omen of good luck.

More as yet spectacular but unidentified flowers, Monte Palace Gardens

In the Japanese garden...

Japanese Garden, Monte Palace Gardens

...with more spectacular red flowers. I can identify these as fuchias though they are bigger and showier than the fuchsias in our garden.

Fuchsias, Monte Palace Gardens

Through the bamboo...

Bamboo, Monte Palace Gardens

...and we arrive at the Mont Palace itself.

Monte Palace

Then we retraced our steps back to the top. On the way down we had somehow missed the flamingos. I thought they were models until, as I passed close to the pond, one of them stretched outs neck and looked at me. It did not look impressed.

Flamingos, Monte Palace Gardens

And Down Again


Madeira toboggan
One way to descend is by the traditional Madeira toboggan, a wicker chair on two large wooden runners piloted downhill by two appropriately dressed men (carreiros) at speeds of up to 30kph. It might be fun but we did not do it. For a start a shortish ride costs €30 for two, and secondly it does not go all the way down, you still have to take a bus down into Funchal – or back up to the start if you have return ticket on the cable car. I have borrowed a publicity still from VisitMadiera, it is their copyright, but I am providing free advertising and making no money myself, so I rely on their goodwill.

The runners (malhares) are greased – traditionally with tallow – and we later saw old films of horse-drawn vehicles in the flat part of central Funchal with malhares rather than wheels.

We had return tickets on the cable car….

Down into Funchal

… and having descended we repaired to the tables outside the Café do Teatro. Lunchtime had passed and we did not feel like eating, but a beer seemed a good idea. Then we walked back to our hotel to spend what was left of the afternoon in indolence.

In the evening we dined on squid and wrasse – see Madeira: Eating and Drinking for this and more local food.

Tuesday, 18 April 2023

Madeira (1): A First Look at Central Funchal

The Cathedral, 3D Fun Art Museum and Blandy's Wine Lodge

Introduction


Portugal
Madeira
Madeira, as you probably know, is a Portuguese Island in the Atlantic, 1,000km south west of Lisbon and 700km west of the Moroccan coast. It measures 50km from east to west, 20km from north to south and rises to 1,861m (6,106 ft) at Pico Ruivo. It has 250,000 permanent inhabitants, half of whom live in the capital, Funchal. This post is about our first visit to central Funchal.

Madeira

The Morning and a Limpet Lunch

After encountering one of the most comprehensive breakfast buffets we have ever seen, we took a small orientation stroll. We were really killing time until the tour company rep turned up to give us the benefit of her local knowledge. She did a good job, explaining the local bus system and cable cars, and selling us tickets for the latter. She also sold us a couple of excursions. This all took longer than expected and scuppered our plan for coffee and a pastel de nata in a nearby bakery.

When she left we had enough time to eschew the buses, and walk the 2.5km to the town centre, an interesting perambulation I will return to in a future post. By lunchtime we had reached the pedestrian area outside the theatre where the Café Teatro furnished us with beer, bolo do caco and a pan of grilled limpets. For more see Madeira: Eating and Drinking.

Afterwards we strolled to the end of the pedestrian area, passing the statue of João Gonçalves Zarco who discovered this hitherto uninhabited island in 1420…

João Gonçalves Zarco, marking the centre of Funchal

… and reached the Cathedral

Funchal Cathedral

With a single tower surmounted by a pepper pot spire and a plain gothic façade, Funchal’s Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption is modest by the standards of Portuguese cathedrals.

Funchal Cathedral

As the first Portuguese settlers did not arrive until 1420, King Manuel I was relatively quick off the mark sending an architect in the 1490s to design and build a cathedral for the new catholic diocese of Funchal. Mass was being celebrated here by 1508, and the building was finished by 1514, though the spire was added in 1517. The cathedral is one of Madeira’s oldest surviving buildings.

The interior avoided the Baroque makeover that is the glory (or not, depending on taste) of most Portuguese cathedrals and many churches …

Interior, Funchal Cathedral

... and being narrow there is no space for the deep, ornate side chapels …

More a side altar than a side chapel

… though there is a Manueline silver processional cross donated by Manuel I. Manueline was a style popular in Portugal during his reign and drawing its inspiration from the Portuguese voyages of discovery.

Altar, Funchal Cathedral

Cathedral to Fun Art

On the 5-minute walk from the Cathedral to the 3D Fun Art Museum we passed a bust of Robert Baden-Powell (1857-1941) who founded the Scout Movement and became Lord Baden-Powell as a reward.

The bust commemorates the 70th anniversary of the founding of the movement in 1907. I was not aware that Scouting was particularly strong on Madeira, nor that Baden-Powell had any connections with the island, though he visited once in the 1930s. I was a Boy Scout (as we were then called) in the early 1960’s and my grandson is a Scout now, so perhaps Baden-Powell’s legacy is more far-reaching than I realised.

Robert Baden-Powell, Funchal

Many of the narrow streets of central Funchal are pedestrianised and often colonised by the tables of cafés and restaurants, giving the city a pleasantly relaxed feel.

Narrow streets, central Funchal

3D Fun Art

In 2017, during our few days on the Malaysian island of Langkawi we discovered that our tickets for the Skybridge cable car included ‘free’ entrance to the Art in Paradise 3-D Art Museum, a grandiose name for a collection of trompe l’oeil paintings. I went to sneer, but was won over in the first minute. Madeira’s 3D Fun Art Museum, a short walk from the cathedral, is very similar, and this time we willingly paid good money for it.

It is not really art (in its pretentious sense), but it is entertaining. Here are the best of the pictures:

It may only be a pussy cat, but when it's that size I think you should keep an eye on it

I like a bit of vandalism now and again

I've cracked this levitation business

...and Craig Revel Horwood said....

I told you to watch that cat

They go a little further than their Malaysian equivalent, investigating other optical illusions…

Who shrunk me?

… and the properties of reflection

To solve a problem, gather half a dozen older, wiser citizens to sit down and sort it out. This lot could solve anything.

Blandy’s and Madeira Wine

Another very short walk took us to cellars of Blandy’s, the largest producer of Madeira wine, where we signed up for the guided tour.

From 3D Art to Blandy's

Madeira: A Unique Wine

Wine growing started on the island as soon as it was settled. In the age of discovery its Atlantic location gave Madeira opportunities for exporting to north west Europe and the growing British North American colonies, as well as being a stopping point for Portuguese ships bound for the east.

Wine tended to spoil during long sea voyages and as a preventative the partly fermented must was dropped into high-alcohol distilled spirit (from sugarcane in the early days, from grapes later). The alcohol content of the mixture (around 20%) stopped the fermentation, leaving a sweet, heavy and very stable wine. Port was treated similarly and both became popular in cooler northern climes (the mini-ice-age was at its nadir 1645-1715 and temperatures improved only slowly over the next 150 years).

Some residents of Blandy's wine Lodge

At some time so vague it might be legendary, a consignment was returned unsold from the Dutch East Indies. It was tasted with the expectation that it would be unsaleable, but the tasters discovered the journey had enhanced rather than spoiled the wine. Soon Madeira sent to the East Indies and back as ballast was being sold at a premium. Then the producers realised the same effect could be achieved more cheaply by heat. The finest wines spend years in barrels stored directly below Madeira’s sun-blasted roofs, the more basic wines spend months in barrels heated by hot water. Long before Madeira is bottled it is fully oxidised, and will keep indefinitely even after the cork is removed

Port was a serious competitor in the British market, but in the American colonies Madeira ruled, the colonies at one time taking 95% of the island’s wine exports. An early dispute between the colonies and the mother country arose in 1768 with the seizure of John Hancock's sloop Liberty in Boston over the duty on a cargo of Madeira. When the colonists decided to go their own way in 1776, they wrote a Declaration of Independence, and toasted the signing with Madeira.

Blandy’s


John Blandy
Copyright Blandys (Thank you)
The guided tour told us about both the wine and Blandys. John Blandy was one of several British entrepreneurs who came to Madeira in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. He set up a wine business in 1811.

Blandy’s grew steadily throughout the 19th century, acquiring more vineyards and mature wines to hedge against the oidium plague that halted production in the 1850s. Blandy’s survived the lean times in the first half of the 20th century, when they lost the American market to prohibition and Russian market to revolution, but all was not well in the world of Madeira wine

In 1988, when Madeira’s future seemed to be only as a cooking wine, they allied with the Symington Family of Port producers to lead the rebirth of quality Madeira. The future now looks brighter.

Over the years Blandy’s has diversified and become something of a Madeiran conglomerate, but has remained a family firm. The current CEO, Chris Blandy, is a descendent of the company’s founder.

The Types of Wine

Madeira is produced in four different varieties, designated dry, medium dry, medium sweet and sweet, though I would call them dryish, medium sweet, sweet and tooth rotting. The drier wines are usually drunk as aperitifs, the sweeter as after dinner drinks.

Five different grape varieties are used. Negra Mole, a workhorse grape throughout Portugal, accounts for 85% of the planting in Madeira and can be manipulated to produce wine of any desired sweetness. This is entry level Madeira, but it is real Madeira with its expensive and complicated production methods. That it can be sold in a British supermarket at less than £10 is remarkable.

The four quality grapes are Sercial for ‘dry’ wines, then Verdelho, Malmsey (or Malvasia) and Boal in increasing order of sweetness. ‘No other grape varieties are used,’ said the guide, standing between a barrel of Malvasia and one of Terrentez!

Apparently Terrentez still has some uses, Blandy's wine Lodge

Each of these grapes is bottled at a variety of ages, from 5-year-old, upwards and there are also some single vintage wines. The variety of bottlings in any one winery is bewildering.

Our visit ended with a tasting of 5-year-old Verdelho and 5-year-old Malmsey.

The Malmsey was too sweet for me, the sugar drowning out all other flavours, but would I like the Verdelho?

What's this one like, then? Blandy's 5-year-old Verdelho

Yes, I would. Dry enough for an aperitif, or as an accompaniment to cheese, the nose promises flavours of raisins, wild fruit, wood and spices.

Oh, I like that. Blandy's 5-year-old Verdelho

So, I had no option but to buy a bottle.

Blandy's 5-year-old Verdelho

On offer at the lodge, it was around 8 euros; tremendous value, I thought and less than half what it would cost at home. I would have bought more if airlines had not been so fussy about the weight of people's cases.

I should add that while the DOP (Denominação de Origem Controlada) Madeira can only be used by the fortified wines described above, the island also produces ‘normal’ wines. The best are entitled to the DOP Madeirense, (see Madeira: Eating and Drinking), more modest wines can qualify to be called Vinho Regional Terras Madeirenses.

Back to our Hotel

We emerged from Blandy’s Wine Lodge almost where we started, opposite the Café Teatro and beside a well-frequented taxi rank. We hopped into the leading cab and were delivered to the door of our hotel for 6 Euros. We had enjoyed a pleasant morning walk and a convenient trip back and saved 2 Euros on taking the bus both ways. That seemed good value!

That evening we dined near our hotel in the Mad Market Restaurant; a poor name, I thought, for a serious restaurant, even if it is in a shopping mall. See Madeira:Eating and Drinking for details.