Tuesday, 25 February 2014

Luang Prabang (3) Elephants: Part 12 of Following the Mekong through Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos

The Monks Early Morning Begging Run, Luang Prabang

We rose early to watch the monks receive their daily alms to the sound of the dawn chorus.

An Elephant Experience

After breakfast we left Luang Prabang for our half day elephant experience. After driving northeast for half an hour beside the Nam Khan River (which enters the Mekong at Luang Prabang) we turned down a dirt road, followed it through a village and reached the elephant sanctuary.

Breakfast time in the elephant sanctuary

The Kingdom of a Million Elephants was always an overstatement, but Laos is now estimated to be home to only 1600 elephants. 600 of these work in the declining logging industry and face redundancy within the next few years, which means they will be put down or left to fend for themselves. Domesticated elephants are incapable of returning to the wild, so sanctuaries like this are the only hope for retired and superfluous elephants.

Seven female elephants are kept on site. One is a nursing mother so she is separated from the rest, another is pregnant and excused giving rides, leaving five working.

'I'm having my breakfast, you can have a ride when I've finished.'

An Elephant Ride Beside (and in) the Nam Khan River

A young man called Sou Kan was delegated to look after us for the morning, so we inspected the display in the reception area while he organised us an elephant and a mahout.

After being introduced to Mae Ham Tong, who seemed an admirable beast with a trusting look in her eye, we climbed the gantry and slid into the wobbling wooden howdah strapped to her back. Our previous ride, in southern India, had involved sitting one behind the other on the lepehant's back where we felt secure and safe, but the howdah swayed alarmingly with every lumbering step.

Elephants ready to work

A man with 'mahout' across the back of his tee shirt clambered nimbly onto Ham Tong's neck and we set off through the sanctuary garden.

We had gone 50m when Ham Tong stopped, turned sideways and refused to continue. The mahout dismounted, walked into her eye-line and issued some strict orders. Ham Tong ignored him. She seemed unhappy. I re-assessed my opinion of her and considered our chances of survival in a flimsy, unstable howdah on a bolting elephant – despite their preference for a slow plod they are capable of speeds of 40kph or more.

I would have been happier if the mahout had stayed on the elephant rather than standing several metres away, but he was a professional so I assumed he knew what he was doing.

He shouted at the elephant again and Ham Tong broke wind. Sitting on a farting elephant sounds, and feels, remarkably like sitting on a revving motorbike. Then there was a heavy plopping sound. Once Ham Tong had done her jumbo sized business she forgot about her rebellion and continued calmly on her way.

At the end of the garden we turned down a steepish slope towards the river, the mahout returned to his perch on her neck and I relaxed. Ham Tong now seemed contented, but even a fractious elephant cannot charge through water and if we did fall off, unlikely though that was, we would land in the Nam Khan which is, clean, clear and only waist deep.

Ham Tong turns right towards the river

As we neared the water I realised that my renewed calm was not shared by Lynne. My attitude was entirely rational (of course, when is it not?) but Lynne has an unreasonable and exaggerated fear of water. I made reassuring noises but all she would say as the elephant lumbered down the slipway was 'let me out' - an impracticable suggestion as we had required a gantry to get on and would require another to get off.

Once Ham Tong entered the water and turned to walk downstream the steady rhythmic plodding made Lynne calmer.

Ham Tong wades into the Nam Khan River

We reached a stony shoal dividing the river into two streams. The mahout hopped off, asked for our camera and proceeded to take 30 or more pictures as the now perfectly behaved elephant trudged across the shoal. He did a good job, too, most are nicely framed and he ensured the sun was always at his back.

Trudging along the stony shoal, Nam Khan River

Returning our camera he hopped back on board and Ham Tong waded ashore where a path ascended to the nearby village. As we lumbered through the village, Ham Tong paused to eat some newly cut banana leaves and the mahout plucked a bright red flower and inserted it into the cavity elephants conveniently have just above their cheekbones.

The mahout indicates the crossing point

At the end of the village we returned to the elephant sanctuary.

Back towards the sanctuary

Kan greeted us, 'have some tea or coffee,’ he said, indicating a table with an urn and some cups, 'and then we'll go and see the baby elephant'.

Ham Tong sports her flower, her morning's work over

As I reached out to pick up the jar of coffee another hand reached out and then dropped. 'Sorry,' said an American voice behind me, 'I didn't mean to cut in.' 'That's alright,' I said. 'Anyway,' the American voice continued 'I'd assumed you were having tea.' ‘We don't have to act like stereotypes all the time,’ I told her, put a spoonful of coffee in a cup for Lynne and then, as I am no fan of instant coffee, picked up the Lao tea. So am I a stereotype after all? A spoonful of Lao tea leaves floating in a cup of hot water is, I think, far enough removed from a Tetley's teabag not to count.

We carried our cups over to a gazebo with a wonderful view over the river and the jungle beyond. I doubt there can be a better place to sit and sip tea.

The view from the gazebo

A Pirogue Up-river to Meet a Baby Elephant

Afterwards we joined Kan and walked down the slope Mae Ham Tong had taken earlier. At the bottom a pirogue was waiting to take us over the river - the first time on the whole trip that we used an appropriately sized boat.

Across the Nam Khan by pirogue

On the other side we walked through a teak plantation.........

Through a teak plantation beside the Nam Khan River

......and then through the forest to reach the clearing where young Maxi was kept with his mother.

Forestry workers with the versatile two-wheeled tractor so common in SE Asia

He is a lively young chap with a tendency to misbehave so he is kept in a stockade while there are visitors. Still suckled by his mother he also eats solid food - maize stalks garnished with banana leaves being the dish of the day. An adult elephant needs 250Kg of food daily (plus 200 litres of water) so they are expensive to keep. Maxi may be small, but he had a very firm grip with his young trunk.

Maxi and his mother

Further Upstream to the Tad So Falls and a Jungle Boulodrome

Returning to our pirogue we pottered upstream for 20 minutes and disembarked near the Tad So falls.

Lynne boards the pirogue for the next stage upstream

The path up from the river brought us to a clearing with another elephant compound and, in front of it, a group of young men playing boules.

Received wisdom is that when the French discovered the upper Mekong was not navigable and did not lead to El Dorado anyway, they lost interest in the landlocked third of their Indo-Chinese colony and ruled with a light touch and very few French administrators. It is surprising, then, that Laos has apparently retained more French influences than either Vietnam or Cambodia. There are more French buildings and French restaurants, French is routinely used alongside English and Lao on menus in tourist areas, Lao hotel breakfasts (in Luang Prabang and later in Phonsavon and Vientiane) were all based on good quality French-style bread, filled baguettes are widely available, pastis can be enjoyed in bars and restaurants at reasonable prices, Vientiane (we discovered later) has shops selling a wide range of French wine at reasonable prices, and here were people playing boules. 'I have one at home,' Kan said indicating the boulodrome. 'I play with my friends in the evenings and the loser buys the beer.' Human behaviour can be remarkably similar across continents.

Playing boules in the Lao jungle

The Tad So falls were a short distance beyond, where a stream rushes down the hillside in a series of steps on its way to join the Nam Khan. At least that is what happens in the rainy season. In February, as we had been warned, a few dribbles were still descending the hillside, but in a month or two it would dry up completely until the rains at the end of May.

The Tad So falls - not much to see

A narrow path can be followed to the stream’s source a four hour walk away. We ventured a little way along it - far enough into the jungle for me to feel like David Attenborough and to strike a pose, which fulfilled some sort of lifetime ambition.

My David Attenborough moment

We were gone long enough for Kan to come looking for us, obviously fearing we had been eaten by something ferocious.

A ferocious jungle resident. It's a funnel-weaver, probably one of the 1307 mostly harmless species in the family Agelenidae

The pirogue took us back down stream for a buffet lunch that had been laid out long enough to have gone cold. It was not the highlight of the day; thank goodness Beer Lao can always be relied upon to be cheap and available.

Back downstream to the elephant sanctuary

Bamboo Footbridge in Luang Prabang

After lunch we drove the thirty minutes back to Luang Prabang and hid from the sun's worst excesses.

We went out again later, probably a little too early as we found the streets empty. Moving slowly through the blanket of heat, it still took us only five minutes to cross the old town from our hotel on the Mekong side to the Nam Khan side.

We reached the Nam Khan where it is spanned by a bamboo bridge. The bridge is rebuilt every year after the rainy season and the family responsible levies a 5000 kip (40p) toll.

Monks on the bamboo bridge, Nam Khan River, Luang Prabang

We paid up and crossed the bouncing bamboo bridge. Upstream the town's children had taken to the water and were splashing about or swimming - a pleasant activity in the heat of the afternoon.

Lynne on the bamboo bridge, Nam Khan River, Luang Prabang

We found little on the other side. A lane ran up past the inevitable guesthouse where hens and chickens scrabbled in the dirt. We emerged in a quiet corner of the town and strolled as far as a small monastery beyond which the tarmac road led out onto the countryside.

We emerged in a quiet corner of Luang Prabang

It was not long before we bounced or way back over the bridge, discovering that our 5000 kip toll had also paid for a return journey.

Healthy Drinking and a Foot Massage

More people were appearing in the streets as we returned to the main drag and after our exertions it seemed appropriate to reward ourselves with a cold beer….

Xian Thong, Luang Prabang from our chosen café

….at a café with, I thought, a most enlightened approach to heathy eating and drinking.

Yep, that's my idea of healthy, too

Afterwards Lynne returned to the hotel while I wandered into one of Luang Prabang's many massage parlours. I should point out that massage is a respectable pastime in Laos, not a euphemism for something else, and I was going for a foot massage.

In 2005 our daughter had taken us both for a foot massage in Huizhou - she was a regular when she lived in China. It was a robust massage which Lynne decided involved more pain than gain, but I was prepared to give it another go.

40,000 kip (£3) is not a lot of money to pay for an hour’s undivided attention from a young lady in short shorts. The attention was, I repeat, given only to my feet (though occasionally venturing as far as my knees) and I was sitting in a shop window in a room where several others were undergoing the same process.

Foot massage, Luang Prabang

After giving my feet a good scrub - they probably needed it, but it did tickle – she rubbed them with oil, kneaded them, pummelled and beat them and poked them with a small ebony stick, blunt at one end and rounded into a dumbbell shape at the other. The time passed quickly and I went floating back to Lynne on rejuvenated feet that hardly seemed to touch the pavement.

I liked the massage, but the effect, like the Ayurvedic massage I had in India, lasted for a disappointingly short time. In the evening we tried to visit the restaurant we had intended to go to yesterday, but it was full. There was, however, space in a restaurant across the street, the tables laid out in a garden behind the building.

Lynne was better but still not much interested in eating so she ordered a plate of chips, while I chose chicken and herbs cooked in a folded banana leaf. It was pleasant, if small so I had a dessert, a pile of sticky rice with coconut milk and slices of mango. But for the mango, it was the grolan we had seen seen in Cambodia but here was not packed inside a bamboo tube [‘grolan’ is the Khmer word, in Lao it is ‘kao lan’ and we would eat it from the bamboo in Vientiane]. The dessert was alright, but I would have liked more coconut flavour, and less crunch in the rice.


Monday, 24 February 2014

Luang Prabang (2) Back on the Mekong: Part 11 of Following the Mekong through Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos

A Boat Trip up the Mekong: Rice Wiski and a Cave of Buddha Images

But First, A Little Orientation


Laos
Upstream from Phnom Penh the Mekong continues across Cambodia and then forms the border between southern Laos and Thailand. At Vientiane the border leaves the line of the river which continues north to Luang Prabang and on to China. Having come up the river by boat from its delta to Phnom Penh we had diverted to Siem Reap and Angkor Wat. A flight from Siem Reap to Luang Prabang had brought us back to the banks of the world’s twelfth longest river. Luang Prabang was the most northerly point of our journey and the furthest upstream we would reach.

South East Asia. Luang Prabang was our most northerly point in this trip

Boarding an Overlarge Boat, Luang Prabang

Next morning we walked down to the river bank and embarked on yet another in our series of grossly over-sized boats. These monsters – they can seat a dozen or so - were doing good business, though four passengers were the most we saw on any of them.

Over-sized boats, Luang Prabang

They are made even longer by the living quarters of the boatman and his family which form a large part of the stern.

Lynne has plenty of space

Upstream from Luang Prabang

As we left, N pointed out the hill on the far side of the river. Just about everywhere has a hill from which unrequited lovers are reputed to leap. This, apparently, is Luang Prabang’s but the rounded green hills would not seem to offer much scope to the suicidally inclined.

Lover's Leap, Luang Prabang - well, up there somewhere

We pottered gently upstream. The Mekong here is broad, though much narrower than the mighty river it was just north of the delta, but not very deep.

Heading up the Mekong from Luang Prabang

The boatman skilfully rounded shoals and rocky islets, slid gracefully over turbulent sections - not quite rapids - and through nascent whirlpools while his wife sat silent and motionless in one of the rear seats. She did that all day.

The boatman skilfully rounds the shoals and rocky islands....

The sun shone, the breeze over the water was refreshing, the hills were shrouded in mist and the banks were lush and verdant. All seemed right with the world.

Trees cling to the bank, The Mekong River above Luang Prabang

Ban Xang Hai, Rice Wiski and Other Delights

After a couple of hours the boatman turned towards towards the east bank where a set of steps led up into the jungle.

The mooring at Ban Xang Hai

We moored against a couple of earlier arrivals, climbed the steps and found ourselves in the 'whisky village' of Ban Xang Hai. I have chosen the Scottish spelling of whisky, though with little justification. On the labels the spelling is 'wiski', though the residents of Tomintoul, Tullamore or Tennessee might experience some difficulty in recognising the product as whisk(e)y of any sort.

Ban Xang Hai Lao Rice Wiski

Rice is boiled, soaked and sweetened, yeast is added and the whole thing allowed to ferment. There is more than enough sugar to take the resulting rice wine up to 15% alcohol, at which strength the yeast dies off.

A 'white wine' is made from ordinary rice and a red from 'sticky' rice. Both are sweetish, the white retaining a little acidity and the red tasting as though some fruit had been added.

Lynne tastes the 'white wine'

Some rice wine is sold as such, the rest is distilled. The still is basic, the vapour cooled by sticking a hose into the bath at the top. The product is 55% alcohol and from sucking my finger after dipping it in the stream of warm distillate, I know it is a strong clean spirit.

Wiski still, Ban Xang Hai

Bottled and aged - or at least allowed to cool - the spirit becomes more complex with a flavour that lingers for hours (and tends to repeat on you).

After making a few purchases we tore ourselves away from the distillery and found that Ban Xang Hai is a larger village than we had thought.

There were plenty of visitors and they all filed past the usual array of textile stalls. No-one seemed to be buying but business could not have been that bad, judging by the satellite dishes sprouting from almost every house.

Satellite dish, Ban Xang Hai

I doubt many Europeans were attracted to the medicine shop, where wiski is bottled with various allegedly strength giving additives. I have no objection to snakes, scorpions and geckos finding their way into the jars, if people imagine it will do them good, but the one on the right in the photograph contains bears’ feet and I cannot approve of that.

Medicine shop, Ban Xang Hai

After the shops we descended a second set of steps and found our boat had moved to this end of the village to pick us up.

Pak On, Buddha Caves and Lunch

Forty-five minutes further upstream the On River joins the Mekong. Opposite the confluence are the Pak On (mouth of the On) Caves.

Pak On Cave, Mekong River

Climbing up the concrete steps from the landing stage we entered the lower cave (Tam Ting) which is packed with Buddha images. The cave is not big, and the images are not in the best of conditions. Buddha images cannot be thrown away but when they are damaged, riddled with woodworm, or merely superseded they are sent here to live out a peaceful retirement. Compared to the spectacular Buddha cave at Pindaya in Myanmar it was nothing special and we could not be bothered to walk up the next flight of steps to the upper cave which, N assured us, was bigger but less interesting.

Part of the collection of retired Buddha images, Pak On Caves, Mekong River

Opposite, on the neck of land at the confluence, was a restaurant on stilts. We landed on the sandy shore and climbed the steps to the huge open-sided barn which had attracted less than a dozen other lunchers. The beef stew and chicken curry with rice were both excellent but they were served with a plate of Chinese-style mixed vegetables which were pleasant enough in themselves, but belonged in an entirely different meal.

Lunch opposite the Pak On Caves

Still, the inevitable Beer Lao was good and the view was fabulous.

A warm day, a fine view, a Lao Beer...

As we were about to leave a group of elephants appeared bearing tourists towards the confluence. The riders dismounted and we passed them as they were making their way up to the restaurant.

Here come the elephants.Near the confluence of the River On with the Mekong

Downstream back to Luang Prabang

The journey downstream was pleasant if inevitably quicker than the journey up.

Returning to Luang Prabang, Sometimes the stress of it all just wears me down

Chitdara Villa, Luang Prabang

We arrived back in time to sit on our balcony as the sun went down, drink another Beer Lao and write up the notes on which this blog is based. We also popped out to photograph the back of our hotel from the garden...

The rear of the Chitdara Villa, Luang Prabang

...and also this butterfly, which stubbornly refused to open it wings for the camera, but is still beautiful. I am fairly confident it is a Eurema, but which of the 70 Eurema species is another matter. Eurema Andersonii (One-spot Grass Yellow), I think, but it could be Simulatrix, or possibly....

Eurema Andersonii(?) Villa Chitdara garden, Luang Prabang

Later we went out to visit a restaurant I had earmarked earlier, but due to my incompetence we sat down at a different, though superficially similar, establishment a few doors away. I was disappointed when I read the menu, but did not immediately realize why. Lynne ordered a full meal for the first time for days; spaghetti bolognese may be comfort food, but it is real food and it was good to see the doctor's pills and potions were working. I had a red curry which is as Lao as it is Thai; the two peoples are closely related and speak similar languages which they write in not quite the same alphabet. I enjoyed it, but was beginning to feel just a little riced-out.

Following the Mekong through Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos

Sunday, 23 February 2014

Luang Prabang (1) The Old Town: Part 10 of Following the Mekong through Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos

Luang Prabang, A Former Royal Capital

Saturday Evening 22-Feb-2014

Arriving in Luang Prabang


Laos
Obtaining a visa at Luang Prabang airport was something of a circus and involved joining three separate queues. After the first we were required to hand over a photo (from our visit to the photographer’s in Saigon), while after the third they took their own snaps of us.

And why, I wondered, are Europeans charged US$35 when Australians and Bolivians only pay $30? And what have Canadians and Indians done wrong to pay $42? And why charge an extra dollar just because we arrived at the weekend?

The process was tortuous, but carried out by good humoured, smiling officials, so we left feeling surprisingly well disposed to the People's Democratic Republic of Laos.

South East Asia. We had arrived in Laos on an early evening flight from Siem Reap in Cambodia

We were met by N and taken to our hotel. The road from the airport was almost a country lane and the town had the feel of an overgrown village. 50,000 people live in Luang Prabang, though that number is swollen by tourists. The old town, a UNESCO world heritage site, sits on a peninsula between the Mekong River and its tributary, the Nam Khan. It has narrow, flower bedecked streets and French colonial houses - none of them above two storeys high.

The flower bedecked streets of Luang Prabang (we arrived in the dark, so this photograph was taken next morning)

Or hotel, the Villa Chitdara, was a beautiful old teak building and reception was welcoming and efficient.

The Villa Chitdara, Luang Prabang

Venturing out to find an ATM made us instant millionaires (£1 buys 13,000 kip) but at least they use their own currency, unlike the Cambodians, and a kip is almost three times as valuable as a Vietnamese dong (£1=34,000 dong).

Beerlao

We used our new found wealth to buy dinner, though Lynne still felt disinclined to eat. I had chicken and fried rice which was, I am sorry to say, a plate of stodge and not a promising introduction to Lao cuisine. With it I drank Beerlao which, at 15,000 kip for a 66cl bottle, was good value for what is generally regarded as Southeast Asia’s best beer - though that does not set the bar particularly high. The quality may be due to the brewery’s French founders or, more likely, to the Czech advisers who arrived when Laos was a client state of the Soviet Union. The company is now owned by Carlsberg.

Later we walked through the night market, which provided several souvenirs and gifts, but not, despite trying many different stalls, a tee shirt which even came close to wrapping itself around my bulk.

Sunday 23-Feb-2014

The Monks Dawn Begging Run

At six o'clock every morning, after the banging of a gong, the monks of the town's many monasteries walk in single file through the streets in their saffron robes begging for their day's food. The people, more accurately the older women, kneel beside the road and give something, usually a handful of sticky rice, to each passing monk.

Here come the monks, Luang Prabang

Foreign tourists also line the streets photographing the proceedings. This has caused problems in the past but as far as we could see, all were well behaved and attempting to be unobtrusive.

We were in an especially fortunate position as all we had to do was roll out of bed, step out onto our balcony and watch the monks pass in front of us; the hotel owner's wife being one of the kneeling women handing out largesse and gaining merit for her generosity.

A Visit to a Doctor for Some Treatment

Lynne was had become increasing frustrated at feeling sick, having stomach problems and not wanting to eat, so when N arrived to conduct a walking tour of Luang Prabang she suggested a trip to the doctor first.

Luang Prabang

He called up a car and we drove into the new town – less picturesque but not very different from the old town – and to a doctor's surgery. When I was little, in the 1950s, Dr Harding made no appointments, had no receptionist and could not have imagined installing a touch screen computer so that you could 'arrive yourself'; patients just sat in the waiting room until it was their turn. This remains the way in Luang Prabang, except you remove your shoes before entering and the consulting room is merely one end of the waiting room. We heard every word of the consultation of the people before us - though we understood nothing - and those after heard every word of Lynne's, though with equal incomprehension. If privacy was required the patient lay on a bed screened by a bookcase.

The young woman doctor (I think she was young, but with a surgical mask covering her face it is difficult to be certain) examined each patient in turn, prescribed and dispensed medication and accepted a small sum of money. Lynne's turn came and she quickly discovered the doctor spoke excellent English – far better than N's, who was theoretically there as a translator. She had a reassuring air of competence, asked all the right questions, prodded all the right places and finally dispensed an encouraging pile of pills and potions. Lynne is a great believer in such things (I prefer to grit my teeth and cure myself by will power) and was well pleased. We paid $41 (requested and paid in US currency) which was vastly more than the locals looked to be paying but if it put Lynne back on her feet, and, hopefully, subsidised medical care for the poorer members of this far from affluent society, it was money well spent.

Luang Prabang

Back at the hotel, Lynne took her first potion and we set off on foot for the National Museum inside the former Royal Palace.

A Little Lao History

The country we know as Laos has existed since the eighteenth century when three smaller kingdoms came together under French protection. The people are Lao, the country is Laos, the French added the ‘s’ to distinguish between them, but, like (almost) every other French terminal ‘s’, it is silent. The colonisers had great hopes for Laos but as it became clear that the Mekong was not navigable this far upstream and anyway Eldorado was not going to be found round here, they lost interest and the few French officials conducted a light touch administration. Despite this, as we would discover, the Lao picked up more Gallic habits than the Vietnamese or Cambodians.

Of the three earlier kingdoms, that of Luang Prabang became dominant and their royal family provided the Kings of Laos, though the capital soon moved to Vientiane.

The civil war following French withdrawal was a complicated affair involving several factions and some heavy handed interference from the Americans - the after effects of which are still a serious blight on the lives of the people in several parts of the country. (see Phonsavan, the Plain of Jars and Unexploded Ordinance) It dragged on for many years with some half-hearted fighting and much jockeying for position until a bloodless coup finally brought the communist Pathet Lao to power in December 1975, just months after the fall of South Vietnam. The king abdicated and the Kingdom of a Million Elephants became the Democratic People's Republic of Laos.

Following the Soviet model, they nationalised what little industry there was and collectivised the farms. By 1979 the leaders realised that their changes had done little except make a poor country poorer and they abandoned the agricultural cooperatives. By 1985 it was clear that more was needed and the old guard, who had spent 30 years fighting for communism, introduced a full market economy. Laos is now communist only in name, though the Hammer and Sickle is flown as much as the national flag. Economic liberalisation has not been matched in the political sphere and the 'Communist' Party remains very much in charge and brooks no dissent.

The Hammer & Sickle and the Lao flag fly side by side in Vientiane

The Former Royal Palace

The former Royal Palace is a modest building for a hereditary ruler. To the right of the entrance is a hall containing the Pha Bang Buddha, the most sacred image in Laos, which was brought from Angkor in 1353. Provided we approached without our hats, shoes and cameras we were allowed to look. Almost a metre tall, he stands with his arms raised to shoulder level, palms forward in a gesture of protection.

The hall of the Pha Bang Buddha, Luang Prabang

The palace itself is approached down a short avenue lined with palms. It was built in 1904 to a French design modified to Lao tastes. Over the portico is a gilded Airavata, the three headed elephant god that symbolises the Lao monarchy.

The former Royal Palace, Luang Prabang

Beside the entrance hall is the king's reception room where diplomats and other visitors lounged in comfort before their royal audience. Beyond is the throne room with a display of regalia and behind that the royal quarters including the relatively modest bedchambers of the king and queen with an interconnecting door (they managed to conceive five children). We passed through the library and the royal dance exhibition before reaching the collection of diplomatic gifts, which include a Lao flag that visited the moon on the Apollo 11 mission. Six months ago in North Korea we saw the gifts received by Kim Il Sung; they have their own palace, far bigger than the whole of the Lao royal palace. The Lao approach, with its gentleness and modesty is far preferable.

Gilt relief, Wat Mei

Wat Mai, next door, dates from the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and the Pha Bang Buddha is brought here annually to be ceremonially washed. Wat Mai is most famous for the gilt relief work on the facade. No photography is allowed inside but it is possible to photograph the main Buddha statue from outside.

Buddha statue, Wat Mai

Wat Xieng Thong

Walking towards Wat Xieng Thong at the end of the peninsula,we passed a group of people busily forming mashed sweet potato into balls then flattened them into discs.

Making discs from mashed sweet potato, Luang Prabang...

Earlier production was drying on frames in the street before being sent to market.

...and drying them in the sun

Wat Xieng Thong is the most holy monastery in Laos. The complex is not large though it has several stupas and pavilions. The main building, the Sim, dates from 1560 and is a masterpiece of Lao architecture. Unlike the town’s other temples it has never been razed by Chinese marauders nor over-enthusiastically restored. The eves sweeping elegantly almost to the ground are said to resemble a mother hen protecting her chickens.

The Sim, Wat Xieng Thong, Luang Prabang

On the rear wall is a mosaic of a flame tree....

Flame Tree, the Sim, Wat Xieng Thong, Luang Prabang

while inside is the usual collection of Buddhas....

Inside the Sim, Wat Xieng Thong, Luang Prabang

...and a relief depicting life in hell.

In Hell, Inside the Sim, Wat Xieng Thong, Luang Prabang

There is also a naga, a long hollow wooden snake, used as a ceremonial water channel during the washing of the Sitting Buddha, Luang Prabang’s second most important Buddha which is kept in a pavilion behind the Sim. The Sitting Buddha is locked in darkness, except when being washed, as taking it out would cause extreme bad luck. There is, however, a small hole through which the Buddha can be viewed, and even photographed.

The Sitting Buddha through the keyhole, Wat Xieng Thong, Luang Prabang

At the back of the complex is the funeral carriage which carried King Sisavong to his cremation in 1961. The urns at the front and rear contained the ashes of his father and mother while the late king rode in the middle. Built of teak and decorated with scenes from the Pha Lah Pha Lam, the Buddhist Lao version of the Hindu Ramayana, it is based, as a quick glance underneath confirmed, on a very ordinary car chassis.

Funeral Car, Wat Xieng Thong, Luang Prabang

Lunch in Luang Prabang

It was lunchtime so N conducted us to one of the town's posher restaurants. The set meal consisted of vegetable soup of unknown ingredients, minced pork salad (meat salads are a Lao specialty, though this one had too much coriander for Lynne's taste), Luang Prabang pork sausages (remarkably like Tesco’s sausages) and stir fried vegetables.

Climbing 'Mount' Phousi

Saying goodbye to N, we took a nap during the hottest part of the day and afterwards set off to climb ‘Mount’ Phousi, the hill that overlooks the old town.

Starting up Mount Phousi, Luang Prabang

From the entrance by the former Royal Palace we climbed 138 steps, paid our 5000 kip and set off up the remaining 190. We were soon accosted by a girl selling caged birds who thought we might like to gain merit by releasing them. Although the cages were too small for their starling sized occupants, we declined, not because we liked them in cages, but because buying would encourage the capture of more. A few steps higher up the girl's school bag lay beside the path. It had an Angry Birds logo.

Buddhist monk on Mount Phousi, Luang Prabang

At the top was a small temple and an excellent view over the old town and the Mekong one way.....

Luang Prabang old town and the Mekong river from Mount Phousi

....and along the Nam Khan river and over the New town the other. After the flatness of Cambodia to be surrounded by mountains, however distant and shrouded in mist was a relief.

Luang Prabang new town and the Nam Khan River from Mount Phousi

On our return to earth I treated myself to a refreshing BeerLao (Lynne ordered a lemon juice) and we then just had time to shower and write an email before heading out for dinner. I had ‘lap beef’, another meat salad, while Lynne, still far from her best, struggled with a banana pancake.

Another wander through the night market yielded more gifts, though I remained tee-shirtless.